Causes of Fibromyalgia

Although the cause of FM is unknown, researchers have several theories about causes or triggers of the disorder. Some scientists believe that an injury or trauma may sometimes cause the syndrome. This injury may affect the central nervous system. FM may be linked to muscle changes that cause fatigue and decreased strength. Others believe that an infection caused by a virus or other agent may trigger FM in susceptible people.

Other possible factors in FM include psychological stress, hormonal changes, or other changes in body chemicals such as serotonin and Substance P. The hormones produced by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis may be important in FM. Sleep problems, so common in people with FM, may be a cause as well as a symptom of FM. Increased sensitivity to and perception of pain seems to be involved.